Gas-burner



(No Model.)

B. KEMPSHALL.

GAS BURNER.

No. 486,760. Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

4. I al m: NORRIS versus cm, PNOYO-LHNOH msmmmm, n. c.

UNITED: STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELEAZERKEMPSIIALL, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,760, dated September 16, 1890. Application filed July 20, 1888. Serial No. 280,542. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ELEAZER KEMPSHALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas -Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the ordinary bat-wing burner; and it consists in the features hereinafter more fully set forth, having for their objects to lower the pressure of the gas and to expand the same by heating prior to burning.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of a bat-wing gasburner embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a section in line a a, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a top view of the parts below line b b, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a top View of one of the details. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing my improvements.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.

The nipple B has the usual thread 3, whereby it may be secured on the gas fixture or chandelier. The upper part of this nipple 4 has a suitable orifice for the upward passage of the gas, and is formed to receive the shell D, in the top of which shell is formed the slit 5, of larger capacity than the said orifice. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the said orifice 6 consists of a simple slot (similar to the slot in a lava tip,) formed in the hollow upwardly-projecting and reduced upper end 7 of said nipple. This construction, however, is not peculiar to my improvements, and the same may be modified. The outer surface 8 of said part 4 I form tapering, smallest at the top, and form the lower end 9 of said shell D of a corresponding taper fitting thereon. By this means the shell may be readily removed and replaced, and a gas-tight joint secured.

About midway between the nipple and top of the shell, I place within the said shell a division plug or wall, which also constitutes a heating-block. This consists of a shell or block 10, having passages for the gas and being in contact with the shell D, whereby the space within said latter shell is divided into two connecting-chambers, and whereby heat is transferred by metallic contact from said shell to said plug or block. The said passages are preferably formedin the periphery of the plug or block, as shown, for instance, at 12 12. The intermediate surfaces 13, Fig. 1, form the required contact with the shell, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. By means of the plug 10 the interior space is divided into two chambers, of which the lower one N is the expansion-chamber, and the upper one H is the heating-chamber. The gas, passing through orifice 6, enters chamber N with a reduced pressure and corresponding expansion for the reasons before stated. It is then defiected by the dividing wall or plug and passes upward through the channels 12 into the heating-chamber II, wherein it is further eX- panded by heat, and finally issues through the slit 5 to be burned. In practice I make the shell D of comparatively large size, and both it and plug 10 of metal having a high heatconducting power, so that in use the shell becomes well heated and transmits by conduction a large proportion of the heat to the inclosed plug. Thus the gas passes upward in thin and divided currents between heated walls, and is largely expanded by absorbing heat therefrom, and reaches the flame (indicated approximately by the dotted outline 11) in proper condition for giving the best results. Another advantage is that the absorption of heat by the gas prevents the overheating of the shell D, so that the tip thereof is not burned out, and a metallic burner is made practicable, thereby rendering unnecessary the fragile and expensive lava tips now generally used. My improvements therefore effect an important saving to consumers of gas for lighting purposes.

In Fig. 5 I have shown my improvements constructed to deflect the current of gas downward before it enters the passages 12. For this purpose the nipple B has the tip reduced, as, for instance, at 14., and the orifice 15 (substituted for orifice 6) is located above the lower line of plug 10, within the space 16, which is (or may be) formed therein. By this means the plug is very thoroughly cooled, and the gas slightly heated in the expansionchamber N but the principal advantage is in assisting the maintenance of equal results from varying pressures of gas. The stream of gas, issuing from orifice 15, forcibly enters the cavity 16, and, being abruptly checked, returns partly upon itself, thus by an increased pressure causing an increased resistance, which tends to an equality of the resulting current of gas.

J My invention is exceedingly simple in construction, is durable and efficient in use, and can be applied to any ordinary gas-fixture at a small initial cost.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In a gas-burner, the combination, with the nipple B, having the orifice at the upper end thereof, of the metal shell fitting said nipple at its lower end, and having the slit 5 at its upper end, said shell being integral from the slit to the base thereof, and the metal heating and regulating plug fixed in said shell between said orifice and said slit, and having passage-ways for the gas, whereby the interior of the shell is divided into two connection-chambers, and the gasheated by the plug and shell.

2. In a gas-burner, the combination, with the nipple havingthe tapered upper end with the orifice 15 in the point thereof, of the integral metal shell D, fitting said nipple and having the slit 5, and the inverted cupshaped plug 10, fixed in and joining said shell and having the external passages 12, said elements being organized to bring said orifice within said cup-shaped heating-plug.

ELEAZER KEMPSHALL.

Witnesses:

WILBUR M. STONE, F. H. RICHARDS. 

